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Basic elastomers for O-Rings

The following paragraph briefly reviews various elastomers currently available for use in O-Rings and other seals.

 NBR (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber):

Acrylonitrile-butadiene or nitrile rubbers are copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile. The acrylonitrile content of these compounds varies considerably - from 18% to 50% - and influences the physical properties of the finished material. As the acrylonitrile content is increased the following changes in the

 vulcanizate properties occur:

• Resistance to petroleum-based fluids and hydrocarbon fuels increases

• Low-temperature flexibility decreases

• Rebound resilience decreases

• Compression set decreases

• Gas permeability decreases

• Heat resistance improves

• Ozone resistance improves

• Abrasion resistance improves

• Tensile strength increases

• Hardness increases

• Density increases

The standard NBR compounds have a medium content of ACN (33%) and are a compromise betweenthe opposing properties of the material. In comparison with other elastomers NBR has good mechanicalproperties and high wear resistance. NBR is not resistant to weathering and ozone. NBR vulcanizatesare the most widely used elastomers for sealing applications because NBR is resistant to a wide rangeof petroleum-based greases and fluids, vegetable and animal oils, silicone greases and oils, water andaqueous solutions of non oxidizing chemicals. Specially formulated compounds extend the range ofapplications in which NBR can be used. The operating temperatures range between -30‹C and +108‹C.

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